In a momentous archaeological discovery, metal detectorist Stephen Eldridge uncovered Britain’s oldest hoard of gold coins dating back 2,173 years. The find, consisting of 12 Iron Age gold coins, provides a unique glimpse into ancient trade and alliances. Eldridge made this remarkable discovery while searching farmland in Buckinghamshire, England, in November 2019.

The hoard, identified by experts at the British Museum, is believed to originate from a tribe in Picardy, France, and dates to around 150 BC. The coins likely played a role in trade between the tribes of the time, shedding light on the intricate networks that connected different regions during this ancient period.

The main tomb at the site in Jiangxi, an eastern Chinese province where archaeologists were digging at Christmas, belongs to Liu He, the grandson of Emperor Wu. Liu, who was given the title Haihunhou, or Marquis of Haihun, after being dethroned as emperor, is believed to have been deposed due to a lack of talent and morals.

The significance of this discovery goes beyond the individual coins. The hoard is exceptionally rare, providing a wealth of insights into the economic and political landscape of ancient Britain. It is thought that these gold coins may have been exported to Britain in exchange for Celtic mercenaries, weapons, and other resources that were essential for tribes in Gaul, Western Europe, as they resisted Roman expansion.

The coins, approximately 75% gold with an alloy of silver and copper, exemplify the economy in which Britain’s first gold coins circulated. Their discovery challenges previous assumptions about the simplicity of local coinage during this period, showcasing the sophistication and interconnectedness of ancient societies.

The intricate details of these coins reflect a seldom-seen art form from the Iron Age. The portraitures, despite being modeled on the classical male god Apollo, exhibit an androgynous quality, possibly reflecting the political significance of women in Iron Age society. Figures like Cartimandua and Boudicca rose to prominence during this era, contributing to the rich tapestry of national folklore.

The rarity and historical importance of the hoard prompted scientific analysis, including x-ray fluorescence analysis to confirm the composition of the coins. The British Museum, after conducting a coroner’s inquest, elected to disclaim the coins, meaning they returned to the finder.

Stephen Eldridge, having gone through the treasure process, decided to put the coins up for auction with London-based coin specialists Spink. The sale, scheduled for Thursday, is expected to attract considerable attention from historians, collectors, and enthusiasts eager to acquire a piece of Britain’s ancient past.