Greek scientists discovered the fossils of Eurohippus messelensis, a fascinating ancient equine species, at a former coal pit near Frankfurt back in 2000. After commencing the study of these remains just two years ago, images of the discovery were finally made public this month.
Eurohippus, comparable in size to a dog, provided researchers with a well-preserved mare and her unborn foal, showcasing intricate details of their anatomy. The fossilized bones, including the four-toed front feet and three-toed rear feet, remained intact in their correct anatomical positions. Notably, the uterus, placenta, and ligament connecting the uterus to the mareâs lumbar vertebrae were clearly visible, resembling structures found in present-day horses.
Dr. Jens Lorenz Franzen expressed his admiration for the exceptional quality of the fossil, particularly noting the nearly mature state of the fetus indicated by the presence of fully developed milk teeth. This suggests that the foal was nearing delivery at the time of the tragic demise of both mother and offspring.
Researchers speculate that the cause of death could be attributed to asphyxiation from carbon dioxide gas, given the frequent volcanic activities in the area during the Eocene epoch. Eurohippus messelensis, therefore, belongs to the evolutionary history of Equus and dates back to the Eocene epoch, which spanned from 56 to 33.9 million years ago, positioning Eurohippus at the earliest stages of equine evolution.
Reflecting on the delightful nature of these ancient equids, one cannot help but appreciate the adorable appearance they would have boasted in their prime. Additionally, a bonus fun fact shared by Carla Lake sheds light on the chestnuts and ergots seen on modern horses’ legs, believed to be remnants from ancient equine species. As equine toes gradually fused over millions of years into a single hoof, one of them may have shifted upwards, giving rise to the chestnut structure observed in horses today.
The discovery of Eurohippus messelensis offers a captivating glimpse into the diverse and intriguing evolutionary journey of equine species, highlighting the intricate details and evolutionary milestones that shaped the ancestors of present-day horses.
